运道与信仰的正统化:以清代高邮地区为中心的考察

The Orthodoxy of the Canal and Religions: an Investigation with the Gaoyou Region of Qing Dynasty as the Center

明清时期漕运、河工事关国计民生,河湖密布的地理环境使得高邮成为运道治理的重点地区。运河的流经在促进区域社会信仰多元化的同时,也使得本土信仰的内涵发生置换。漕粮运输、运道治理以及水上航运的现实需要使得当地的康泽侯、五龙王、露筋娘娘等区域性神灵的职能有所拓展。在原有职能的基础上,这些神灵又被增加了护佑漕运、保障运道和航运安全等职能。高邮运道之艰难以及官方保障漕运畅通的现实需要是信仰内涵发生置换的主要原因,漕运和河道官员也在其中发挥了举足轻重的作用。这种置换与漕粮运输、运道治理密切相关,带有强烈的功利性和浓厚的官方色彩,其在满足漕运群体信仰需求的同时,也促进了信仰的标准化和正统化。

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, water transport and river engineering concerned the country operation and the people＇ s livelihood, the geographical environment of the rivers and lakes make Gaoyou become the key area of the Canal＇ s gover- nance. The flow of the canal promote the diversification of regional society＇ s religion, at the same time, but also makes the connotation of the local religion occurs replacement. The Water transportation of the grain, the Canal＇ s governance and the practical need of the maritime shipping have made the function of the regional gods such as Kangze Hou, Wulongwang Temple and Lujin Temple. On the basis of the original function, increase the protection of water transport, the canal and shipping＇ s safety and other function. The transport＇ s difficulty of Gaoyou＇ s canal and the real need of the protection of water transport of the official are the main reason for the connotation of religion replacement, and the water transport and river officials play a pivotal role. This replacement is closely related to the Water transportation of grain and Canal＇ s governance, and it has a strong utilitarian and strong official color. It is Satisfied the religion＇ s demand of the water transport＇ s community, also promote the standardization and orthodoxy of religion.