从“水神”到“盐神”——长芦盐区的盐业崇拜及对传统神祇的改造

From “Water God” to “Salt God”——Worship of Changlu Salt Industry and Reform in the Traditional Idol God

传统社会中,各行业都有自己的神祇崇拜,盐业崇拜的神祇既多且杂。清代以前,以天津为中心的长芦盐区主要供奉以盐姥、盐公盐母和詹打鱼为代表的盐业神祇。清朝以后,上至皇帝、朝廷官员,下至长芦盐商,开始对一些全国性的"水神"进行改造,赋予其佑护盐业产、销的新功能。之所以选择"水神"而非其他神祇进行改造,与天津及其所在长芦盐区地处沿海的地理位置有关,这些改造对当地民间信仰和相应酬神活动都产生了影响。

In traditional society, all trades and professions have their own Idol God, especially in salt industry, the Idol God were many and miscellaneous. Before the Qing Dynasty, Changlu salt industry districts which taken Tianjin as the center, were mainly worshiped Idol God represented by Yan Lao, Yan Gong Yan Mu and Zhan Dayu. Started in the Qing Dynasty, from Emperor, imperial officials to Changlu salt businessman began to reform some nationwide ＂Water God＂ on account of more utilitarian considerations. The water God were be given many new features such as bless the production and sale for salt industry and so on. , It has a relationship with Tianjin City and Changlu salt area is located in the coastal to select the ＂Water God＂ and not the other gods to transform. These reforms have had an impact on local folk beliefs and divine activities.