基于工业发展的河南省环境公平综合测度研究

Study on the Measurement of Environmental Equity in Henan Province Based on Industrial Development

在当前严峻的环境形势下,保持工业发展与环境公平相适应是河南省实现可持续发展的关键。依据河南省18个地市地理位置分布将其划分为豫北、豫南、豫西和豫东区域。采用工业GDP、工业三废(废水、废气、固体废弃物)作为关键指标并利用泰尔指数进行评价,发现河南省工业发展和环境污染存在区域差异且呈扩大趋势;河南省的环境公平问题带有明显的区域性,工业废水的区域间差距大于区域内差距,工业二氧化硫及固体废弃物的区域间差距小于区域内差距;河南省工业发展存在同质性,亟需调整当前的工业发展模式。为实现工业与环境公平的适应性发展,政府可大力发展工业循环经济及培养新经济增长点,改善不同区域的环境不公平;也可通过实行具有区域适应性的环境政策,建立绿色GDP导向的政绩考核机制、构建利益平衡的生态补偿机制,切实发挥其在环境问题中的指导作用。

It is the key to keep industrial development compatible with environmental equity in order to realize sustainable development in Henan province. According to the geographical distribution of 18 cities in Henan province, it is divided into four regions ： North South, West and East of Henan. Using industrial GDP, industrial ＂three wastes＂ （ waste water, sulfur dioxide, solid waste） as the key indicators and Theil index as the main research method, this study found that the regional differences of industrial development and environmental pollution were obvious and expanded l Environmental equity issues in Henan province had obvious regional characteristics. The gap between industrial waste water is greater than that within the region, while industrial sulfur dioxide and solid waste were just the opposite. Industrial development in Henan province exist homogeneity and needs to adjust the current mode of industrial development. To achieve the adaptive development of industry and environment equity, we can cultivate industrial circular economy development and new economic growth point of different regions, the government can implement the adaptability o environmental policy, establish the green-GDP oriented performance evaluation mechanism, build ecological compensation mechanism of balancing interests and play its instructional role in environmental issues.