“幼有所育” “弱有所扶”——学前残疾儿童的教育问题与对策研究

Educate the Young and Support the Weak——Problems and Resolutions of Education for Disabled Preschool Children

党的十九大报告提出要办好特殊教育,并强调"幼有所育""弱有所扶",这将学前残疾儿童的教育放在了前所未有的重要位置,学前特殊教育迎来了新的机遇和挑战。本研究厘清学前残疾儿童教育中存在的问题,并提出如下对策:增加教育投入,实现学前残疾儿童教育全面免费;合理规划学前残疾儿童教师的结构,重视他们的专业化发展;注重学前残疾儿童的专项训练与全面发展相结合;合理进行教学活动设计,注重潜能开发与缺陷补偿相结合;重视学前残疾儿童社会性发展,培养他们的社会适应能力。

The report for the 19th CPC National Congress emphasized special education, especially educating the young and supporting the weak. This puts the education for disabled preschool children in an unprecedented place, and offers preschool special education new opportunities and challenges. This study aims to probe into problems involving the education for disabled preschool children. It suggests the following： Increasing educational investment, and providing free education for all disabled preschool children; reasonably arranging the structure of the teaching faculty for disabled preschool children, and attaching impo^nce to their professional development; combining disabled preschool children＇s special training with their overall development; rationally designing teaching activities and paying attention to the combination of potential development with deficiency compensation; and stressing the social development of disabled preschool children to cultivate their social adaptability.