农村留守与非留守儿童的心理健康、虐待经历比较及其关系研究——基于两维四象心理健康结构的分析与对策建议

The Relationship Between Mental Health and Child Abuse and Their Difference Between Left-at-Home Children and Those Living with Their Parents in Rural Areas: An Analysis Based on the Two-Dimensional Four-Fact Mental Health Structure

文章运用问卷调查法,全面比较分析农村留守与非留守儿童在积极心理健康、心理问题及各种虐待经历上的差异。研究结果表明,农村留守儿童在快乐感、生活满意度、亲社会行为等积极心理健康指标上显著低于非留守农村儿童;情感忽视、情感虐待和躯体忽视为农村留守儿童的主要虐待经历,能对内化心理问题、外化心理问题、内化积极心理健康、外化积极心理健康等指标起到较广泛的显著预测作用。文章在调查结果的基础上提出了加强农村留守儿童的积极心理健康教育,构建留守儿童隐性虐待的防护体系等对策建议。

This study, based on a questionnaire, aims to make a comparative analysis of the difference between left-at-home rural children and their counterparts living with their parents in positive mental health, psychological problems, and child abuse. The results show the following： The left-at-home rural children scored significantly lower in such indicators of positive mental health as happiness, life satisfaction, and prosocial behavior; the left-at-home rural children experienced such child abuses as emotional neglect, emotional abuse, and physical neglect, and these experiences could be used to significantly predict their internal and external psychological problems and positive mental health. In conclusion, the study suggests strengthening left-at-home rural children＇s positive mental health education and building a protective system against invisible abuse.