乡镇二孩家庭儿童的人际关系:出生次序及同胞性别组合的影响

Interpersonal Relationship of Children in Two-Child Families in Rural Towns: The Effects of Birth Order and Gender Composite Modes of Siblings

采用出生次序及同胞性别组合调查问卷和儿童关系评估量表对湖南乡镇小学1117名高年级儿童进行调查,探讨出生次序及同胞性别组合对乡镇二孩家庭儿童人际关系的影响。结果发现:(1)亲子关系,男-男组合母子支持性关系最差。(2)师生关系,次子质量低于长子,特别在男-男、女-女组合中;男-男组合的长子和次子以及女-女组合的次子师生关系质量较差。(3)同伴关系,男-女和女-男组合中男孩支持性关系好于女孩;次子比长子同桌关系更消极;女-女组合的同性朋友关系好于男-男和女-男组合;女-女组合次子的同性与异性朋友关系具有高亲密、高冲突特点。(4)陌生人关系,次子比长子消极。

This study aims to explore how birth order and gender composite modes of siblings affect the interpersonal relationship of children in two-child families in rural towns by testing 1117 high-grade primary school students with the Questionnaire for Birth Order and Gender Composite Modes of Siblings and the Network of Relationship Inventory. The results show the following： （1） In the parent-child relationship, the boy-boy siblings＇ mother-child relationship were less supportive than the other gender composite modes of siblings; （2） the second-born children showed a worse teacher-student relationship than the first-born ones, especially in the boy-boy and the girl-girl siblings; the first-born and the second-born children in boy-boy siblings and the second-born children in the girl-girl siblings showed a worse teacher-student relationship; （3） in the peer relationship, the boys showed a better supportive relationship than the girls in the boy-girl and the girl-boy siblings; in the deskmates＇ relationship, the second-born children were more negative than the first-born ones; in the same-sex friends＇ relationship, the girl-girl siblings were better than the boy-boy and the girl-boy siblings; in the same-sex and opposite-sex friends＇ relationship, the second-born children in the girl-girl siblings were high-intimate but high-conflicting; and （4） in the strangers＇ relationship, the second-born children were more negative than the first-born ones.