不同性别抑郁症患者心理防御机制调查分析及相关治疗的临床探讨

Psychological defense mechanisms of male and female depressive patients and related treatments

目的探讨不同性别抑郁症患者防御方式的差异及相关的临床治疗，以便更好地为临床一线提供依据。方法应用防御方式问卷对60例抑郁症患者进行防御机制的测定并依据性别的不同对患者进行分组对比。随机分为两组：男性30例，平均年龄（29．8±3．6）岁；女性30例，平均年龄（27．6±3．4）岁。结果男性不成熟防御机制[（4．89±1．13）比（3．75±0．92）]、中间型防御机制[（4．96±0．56）比（4．55±0．65）]得分均高于女性（均P〈0．05），而男性成熟防御机制得分低于女性[（5．06±1．07）比（5．69±0．95），P〈0．05]。不同性别之间得分差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）。其中女性倾向于使用升华、压抑、幽默。防御机制中，成熟防御机制存在性别差异（P〈0．05），中间型防御机制存在差异（P〈0．05）。结论对抑郁症患者进行心理治疗和药物治疗应有针对性地辅导，充分考虑性别差异。

Objective To explore the psychological defense mechanisms of male and female depressive patients and the related treatments and to provide some clinical evidences. Methods Defense mechanism questionnaire was used to surveyed 60 depressive patients. The patients divided into a male group （n=30）, （29.8±3.6） years old, and a female group （n=30）, （27.6±3.4） years old. Results The scores of immature defense mechanism and intermediate defense mechanism were higher and the score of mature defense mechanism was lower in the male group than in the female group [ （ 4.89±1.13 ） vs. （ 3.75±0.92 ） , （ 4.96±0.56 ） vs. （ 4.55±0.65 ） , and （ 5.06±1.07 ） vs. （ 5.69±0.95 ） , all P 〈 0.05]. There were statistical differences in the scores between these two groups. Females tended to use sublimation, repression, and humor to defend. There were statistical differences in mature and intermediate mechanisms between these two groups （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion While depressive patients are taking psychotherapy and medical treatment, they should be correspondingly guided according to gender difference.