长江经济带装备制造业发展水平评价研究

Evaluation Research on the Development of Equipment Manufacturing Industry in Yangtze River Economic Belt

装备制造业是长江经济带工业经济体系中的重要优势产业,发展高端装备制造业是推动长江经济带工业迈向中高端的重要引擎。采用因子分析法评估长江经济带装备制造业发展水平,刻画长江经济带装备制造业空间分布特征与产业相邻相似状况。结果显示:浙江、上海、江苏创新能力较强,湖南、上海环境保护能力较强,上海、湖北技术贡献较强,浙江、重庆技术装备能力较强;上游地区主要依托资源环境贡献,下游地区具有明显技术创新优势,中游地区优势俱备;上海、江苏、浙江、安徽、湖北处于装备制造业发展水平第一梯队;江西、湖南、重庆、四川装备制造业处于第二梯队;贵州、云南装备制造业发展水平处于第三梯队。长江经济带上游地区的装备制造业发展水平较高,上中游地区装备制造业发展水平的地区差距较大,省际溢出效应明显。促进长江经济带建成先进装备制造业中心,须坚持以供给侧结构性改革为主线,发挥装备制造业的技术经济关联性,优化资源配置与空间布局,引导传统优势装备制造业向中高端方向发展。

As the important industry of Yangtze River economic zone,high-end equipment manufacturing industry is the driving engine to push the whole economic belt towards the middle and top level.Taking the factor analysis as research method,we assess the developmental level,the spatial distribution features and the similarities with the relevant industries are evaluated.The results show that：Zhejiang,Shanghai and Jiangsu manifest stronger ability in innovation,Hunan and Shanghai in environmental protection,Shanghai and Hubei in technological contributions,Zhejiang and Chongqing in technology and equipment;The upstream regions mainly rely on the resources and environment,while the downstream regions has obvious technological innovation advantages,the middle regions have their own superiority;Shanghai,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Anhui and Hubei are in the first status of the development level,while Jiangxi,Hunan,Chongqing and Sichuan the second,and Guizhou and Yunnan the third;the upper regions reach the top level of technolgical development and the gap between they and the middle-lower regions is obvious.Therefore,in order to promote the establishment of an advanced equipment manufacturing center in the Yangtze River economic belt,the supply-side structural reform should be adhered to as the main line,the technical and economic relevance be put into consideration,resources and spatial distribution be optimized,and the traditional superior industry should be led to the middle-top ends.