外源ABA和EBR处理对酿酒葡萄“赤霞珠”生长成熟的调控及内源激素的影响

Effects of Exogenous ABA and EBR Treatments on Endogenous Hormones and Growth of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' of Wine Grape

以酿酒葡萄品种"赤霞珠"为试材,研究了外源脱落酸(Abscisic acid,ABA)和表油菜素内酯(Epibrassinolide,EBR)处理对其生长过程中不同组织(果肉、果皮、种子)内源激素的影响及其对葡萄生长成熟的调节作用。在转色前2周(花后52d)对葡萄进行外源ABA和EBR处理,采用高效液相色谱与质谱联用(HPLC-MS)技术测定ABA和EBR处理后不同时期葡萄果肉、果皮、种子中ABA、生长素(Auxin,IAA)、赤霉素(Gibberellin,GA_3)和水杨酸(Salicylic acid,SA)的含量。结果表明:在葡萄果实生长发育过程中,外源添加ABA和EBR均能提高葡萄果实中还原性糖的含量,并可显著降低可滴定酸的含量,但不影响成熟时期还原糖的最终含量;在处理早期,ABA处理和EBR处理均能显著增加果肉中IAA、GA_3和SA的含量,说明2种处理能加速葡萄的发育,促进果实的膨大;ABA处理和EBR处理均能显著提高转色期葡萄果实ABA的含量,提前抑制种子中生长素运输到果实其它部位的通路,说明外源添加ABA和EBR均能促进葡萄成熟。试验表明,外源ABA和EBR处理均能加速葡萄果实的发育,促进果实的成熟。

This research mainly explored the effect of exogenous ABA and EBR on endogenous hormones,including abscisic acid（ABA）,auxin（IAA）,Gibberellin（GA_3）and salicylic acid（SA）in the pulp,seed and skin of‘Cabernet Sauvignon＇.‘Cabernet Sauvignon＇was treated two weeks before verison and determined the four endogenous hormones with high performance liquid chromatographymass spectrometry（HPLC/MS）.The results showed that exogenous application of ABA and EBR could significantly improve the content of reducing sugar in grape berry and decline titrable acid content in grape berry during the development of grape berry,while ABA and EBR application did not affect the final reducing sugar;ABA treament and EBR treatment could both significantly increase the ABA content in the version period and make it earlier to inhibit the transportation of auxin from seeds to other parts of the fruit,indicating that exogenous ABA and EBR treatment could accelerate the ripening of grapes.At the early stage of treatment,ABA and EBR treatment could significantly increase the content of IAA,GA_3 and SA in pulp,indicating that both the two treatments could promote the development and enlargement of grape berry.So exogenous ABA and EBR treatment accelerated the development of grape fruit and promoted fruit ripening.