290例小儿水痘并发症分析

Analysis of the complications in 290 cases with varicella in children

目的分析小儿水痘患者并发症的发生情况及其特点。方法收集2012年1月~2016年12月住院有并发症的290例水痘患儿的临床资料,分析其临床特征及并发症的发生情况及预后。结果小儿水痘有并发症者发病年龄主要在6岁以下,并发症以皮肤软组织感染(86.90%)最常见,其他常见并发症有肝功能损害、心肌损害、脑炎、电解质紊乱、肺炎等,大部分预后良好,3例因继发脓毒性休克治疗无效死亡。结论皮肤软组织感染、肝功能损害、心肌损害、脑炎、电解质紊乱、肺炎是水痘常见并发症,继发脓毒血症者或免疫功能低下者易发展为危重症。治疗上,除抗病毒和对症支持治疗外,需积极应对各种并发症。

Objective To analyze the occurrence and characteristics of complications in children with varicella. Methods Collected the clinical data and an- alyzed the clinical features, occurrence and prognosis of complications in 290 cases with varicella of inpatient children from January 2012 to December 2016, Results The age at onset was mainly under 6 in children who with the complications of varicella.Skin soft tissue infection （86.90%） was the most common compli- cations,other common complications were liver function damage, myocardial damage, encephalitis, electrolyte disorders, pneumonia, etc.Most patients have good prognosis and 3 cases died of ineffective treatment of secondary septic shock therapy. Conclusion Skin soft tissue infections,liver function damage,myocardial damage, electrolyte disorders, encephalitis, pneumonia were the common complication of varicella.Secondary sepsis or immunocompromised person was easy de- velop to critical.In treatment,we should be positive for the complications of variceUa other than antivirus and supporting treatment.