璋瓦皆喜 喜意各表——生儿与育女的家庭养老差异研究

Both Happy for Son and Daughter Born but Different Satisfaction:Evidence from the gender differences infamily support for the elderly

文章利用2013年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据实证分析成年子女性别及教育对家庭养老影响的差异。研究结果表明:相对于男性而言,无论是居住距离还是是否同住方面,女儿更疏离于原生家庭,但是受教育水平提高有助于拉近其与原生家庭的地理距离;教育水平的增加显著降低了男性看望父母、与父母联系的频率,而随着教育水平的提高,女性相对于其兄弟会更多地看望父母、与父母联系;个体与父母经济距离方面并不存在显著的性别差异。文章认为提高女性的受教育水平,不仅有助于女性自身福利的提升,也有助于促进老年人福利的改善。

The influence of children＇s gender factors on family pension has been a hot issue in the research of fertility economics and family economics. In the research area of family pension, the living distance, the distance of economic support and the distance of psychological emotion are the most important factors affecting the quality of life and satisfaction of the elderly. In this study, we use the 2013 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study （CHARLS） data to empirically analyze the influence of the three factors on the support of the adult children＇s gender based education investment. The results show that the higher the level of children＇s education, the farther away from home, the lower the probability of living. Relative to his son, whether it is living distance or whether to live with, the daughter is alienated from the original family. The level of children＇s education significantly reduced the frequency of their parents and their parents. Compared to the son, an increase in the level of education, can improve the frequency of the girls＇ visits to parents and contacts. When it comes to economic transfer, there are no differences between sons and daughters. In our opinion, the increasing education for girls can benefit both girls themselves and their parents.