湛、王心学进入徽州的若干问题刍议

Discussion on Several Problems of Mind Learning in Huizhou

徽州地区不仅有心学,而且于明中后期在湛若水心学、王阳明心学的影响下盛极一时。朱学流弊在明中期愈演愈烈,而心学的出现恰恰对朱学有补偏救弊之效,适应了当时徽州社会发展的现实需要。除此之外,元末明初徽州人郑玉、赵汸、程敏政等"和会朱陆"思想的出现,为湛、王心学进入徽州奠定了思想基础,提供了有利条件。而最为关键的还在于湛、王心学向徽州传播心学的方式极为大众化,这种大众化的方式就是讲会。所以,心学进入徽州并非偶然,而是有其历史必然性。然而,明万历年间,随着张居正对心学的打击以及心学内部的瓦解,心学在徽州逐步衰落下来,成了不结果实的花朵。

In Huizhou area there is pkilosophy of mind, and it flourished ander the influence, of Wang Yangrning＇s philosophy of the mind and zhan Ruoshui reshui in the middle and late Ming dynasty. Zhu Xue abuses intensified in the mid Ming Dynasty, and his appearance is precisely the Zhu Xueyou effect to remedy defects and rectify errors, Huizhou needs time. In addition, at the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, the emergence of the thought of ＂Zhu Hui＂ and ＂Zhu Lu＂ by the people of Huizhou, Zheng Yu, Zhao Fang, Cheng Minzheng and so on laid the ideological foundation for Zhan and Wang Xinxue＇s entry into Huizhou, and provided favorable conditions. And the most critical thing is that Zhan and Wang Xinxue spread and the psychology of Huizhou to a very popular way, and this popular way is to speak. Therefore, it is not accidental, but the historical inevitability, to enter Huizhou. However, in the Ming Wanli period, with Zhang Juzheng＇s attack on the mind of mind and the disintegration of the mind, the mind gradually declined in Huizhou and became a flower without fruit.