安倍政府的农业改革评析——基于TPP框架的视角

An Analysis of Agricultural Reform Driven by TPP under the Abe Administration

日本在TPP中承诺的农产品开放幅度较以往签署的EPA大幅提高,即使是五大敏感农产品,也以增加配额或降低关税等形式做出了开放的姿态。面对即将来临的严峻的国际农产品贸易环境,TPP谈判开始后安倍政府即着手推进革除积弊的农业改革,达成TPP协议后又出台《农业竞争力强化方案》等措施,进一步加大了改革力度。这些改革措施涉及面极广,主要以农地、农民收入、农协等三项内容为主轴展开。安倍政府借助TPP的倒逼机制改变固有僵化制度的努力值得肯定,但是改革能否使日本农业焕然一新还有待进一步观察。

Japan has promised to improve the openness of its agricultural market on the basis of the past EPA frameworks. Even relating to the five most sensitive agricultural products, Japan has shown an open and flexible attitude in increasing quotas or reducing tariffs. Faced with the upcoming harsh international agricultural trade environment, since the start of TPP negotiations, the Abe administration has begun to push forward the agricultural reforms. After the TPP reached an agreement, Japan further promulgated the ＂measures for strengthening agricultural competitiveness＂, in order to intensify the reform efforts. Those reform measures cover a wide range, with reforms relating to farmland, farmers＇ income and the agricultural association as the three pillars. The Abe administration attempts to reform the rigid and inflexible system with the forcing impact of TPP. However, it remains to be seen whether the reforms are effective in renovating Japan＇ s agriculture.