生石灰对酸性土壤pH值及微生物群落功能多样性的影响

Effect of Quicklime on Acid Soil pH and Metabolic Functional Diversity of Microbial Community

【目的】通过盆栽试验探讨了在施加不同水平的生石灰时,酸性土壤p H值及微生物群落功能多样性的变化量。【方法】本实验采用Biolog-ECO检测法,探究了在4种不同生石灰施用量CK、T1、T2、T3(0、1125、2250、3375 kg/hm2)下酸性土壤微生物群落碳源代谢的多样性变化。【结果】(1)在240 h的培养期内,施加不同量生石灰条件下微生物群落单孔平均颜色变化率AWCD值从高到低依次是T2>T1>T3>CK。(2)土壤p H值与AWCD值相关分析表明,两者呈中度正相关。(3)土壤微生物群落功能多样性指数结果显示,T1、T2、T3处理的Simpson指数显著高于CK处理,而Shannon指数与Mc Intosh指数在各处理之间的差异不显著。(4)主成分分析结果表明,T3、CK处理土壤微生物碳源利用方式相似,而T1、T2处理有不同的碳源利用方式。【结论】由此可见,每公顷施加2250 kg的生石灰(T2处理)能提高土壤p H值、土壤AWCD值、物种优势度指数与微生物群落碳源利用能力,对微生物多样性的提高有较大的促进作用。

【Objective】The effects of different levels of quicklime fertilizer on acid soil p H and soil microbial community functional diversity were investigated with pot experiments.【Method】The experiment of Biolog-Eco microplate technical to was carried out to study the changes of soil microbialcommunity carbon metabolism diversity under four different treatments[CK（ 0 kg/hm2）,T1（ 1125 kg/hm2）,T2（ 2250 kg/hm2） and T3（ 3375 kg/hm2） ]. 【Result】（ i） During the culture period of the 240 hours,the AWCD values of the acid soil microbial communities followed the order： T2 T1 T3 CK.（ ii） The canonical analysis of soil p H and AWCD showed that they were moderate correlation between soil p H and AWCD.（ iii） Soil microbial community functional diversity index showed that T1,T2 and T3 treatments significantly higher than CK treatment of Simpson index,however,there were not significant differences in Shannon index and Mc Intosh index among the four treatments.（ iv） Principal component analysis showed that microbial carbon utilization was similar to T3 and CK treatments and different from T1 and T2 treatments. 【Conclusion】It was concluded that T2 treatment with 2250 kg quicklime per hectare could significantly improve the soil p H,the metabolic activity of microorganism,the dominance,the carbon utilization styles of soil microbial community,which would increase the soil microbial diversity.