云南特早熟柑橘果实色差变化及影响因素

Variation of Coloration and Influence Factors of Early Maturing Citrus Fruit in Yunnan Province

【目的】探讨云南早熟温州蜜柑果实着色不良的原因及其影响因素。【方法】以温州蜜柑为试材,分析自然状态、树体遮光和尿素处理分别对温州蜜柑果实的品质和着色的影响。【结果】从6月开始到7月,果皮的L值,b值不断升高,9月达到最大值。果皮a值,6月到7月几乎无变化,表现为负值,且有下降趋势。【结论】云南省特早熟柑橘着色不良的原因主要是6-7月果皮a值(红绿色差指标)低。7月遮光处理后绿色下降,红色程度及总的颜色深度均高于对照。9月遮光处理L值、b值和对照几乎一致,但a值明显低于对照。尿素处理后,7月(处理45 d)可以提高L与b值,果皮色差的a值低于对照,品质下降。7月果皮色差的a值与果皮重、可溶性固形物相关。果皮色差的a值与L、b、a/b值为不同程度的相关性。

【Objective】The object of this study was to discuss the bad cause of fruit coloration and its influence on Satsuma mandarin.【Method】S. mandarin was used as material. The influence of the state of nature,tree shading and urea treatment on fruit quality and coloration of S. mandarin were analyzed. 【Result】From June to July,the L value and the b value of the peel rose continuously,and reached the maximum value in September. The value in the peel was almost unchanged from July to June,and which was negative and had a downward trend.【Conclusion】The peel value（ red green color difference index） was low in June and July,which was the main reason for poor coloring of early maturing citrus in Yunnan province. After shading treatment in July,green fell,and red and the total color depth were higher than that of the control. The L value and b value were almost the same in September after shading treatment,but the value was significantly lower than that in the control. The L and b values could be improved in July（ treatment 45 days） and the value of the peel was lower than that of the control,and the quality was decreased after treatment with urea. In July,the value of the peel was related to the peel weight and soluble solids content. The values of the peel were correlated to L,b and a/b values of that with different degrees.