不同养殖模式建鲤家系选育F_3代生长性能比较分析

Growth Properties Comparison of F_3 Generation of SelectedBreeding Cyprinus carpio under Different Cultivating Modes

【目的】通过对不同养殖模式下建鲤家系选育F_3代生长性能比较和通径分析,为建鲤选育在考虑不同养殖模式下确立选育性状指标提供依据。【方法】利用建鲤家系选育F2代的选育系的后代作为选育组,以建鲤家系选育F_2代的对照系的后代作为对照组,在3个试验点进行大水面、网箱和池塘不同模式下进行养殖,并对各组体质量(Y)、全长(X1)、体长(X2)、体高(X3)等4个形态性状进行测定,进行相关分析、通径分析及多元回归分析。【结果】各试验点选育组生长速度均快于对照组,生长性状指标的变异系数均小于对照组,F3代性状趋于稳定,生长优势明显。不同养殖模式下不同组的各性状指标对体质量的直接作用和间接作用各不相同,不同性状对体质量的决定程度也不同,不同养殖模式下同代选育群体生长性状之间存在生长差异。DH选育组可建立多元回归方程:Y=-669.707+42.462X1-35.270X2+82.932X3,而其余组由于相关指数小于0.85,或者剩余因子的数值大,无法用逐步剔除剩余自变量来正确估计体质量,还有其他的性状是影响体质量的重点性状,说明在不同养殖模式下不同形态生长性状指标对体质量的重点影响不同。【结论】不同养殖模式下影响体质量的主要形态性状不同,重点采用对体质量影响比较重要的性状,估算个体育种值,根据亲缘关系进行家系选育,可有效提高良种选育效率。

【Objective】To provide a basis for establishing the breeding characteristics of common carp with different breeding patterns,the comparison and path analysis of the growth performance of F_3 generations under different cultivating modes were studied.【Method】Breeding at three different cultivating-experiment conditions of the large-surface water,cages and the ponds,the off springs of the selected and controlled families of F_2 generation were served as the breeding groups and the control groups,respectively. Then,we measured body weight（ Y）,full length（ X1）,body length（ X2） and body height（ X3） of those off springs,furthermore,all data was statistically analyzed with the help of the correlation analysis,path analysis and multiple regression analysis.【Result】The results revealed that the growth rate of the experimental group at the different breeding places were higher than the control group,however,the variation coefficient of growth indexes was opposite. Meanwhile the growth traits of the F3 generation became stable,and those advantages are highly obvious. Not only the direct and indirect effects what every group under every breeding mood generated on the body weight were different,but also were the level of effects what each growth trait emerged,so the growth traits of the same generation under the different breeding patterns brought about physical variance.DH breeding group was the unique one to establish a multiple regression equation with independent variables（ full length,body length and body height） ： Y =-669. 707 ＋ 42. 462 X1-35. 270 X2＋ 82. 932 X3. However,due to the correlation index R2 being less than 0. 85 and the value of residual factor being greatly large,the rest of group can not be used to correctly estimate the body weight,by gradually eliminating the remaining independent variables. There were other traits that affected the body weight of the key traits,indicating that the effects on body weight of different morphological characteristics of the growth rate of different farming patterns were different.【Conclusion 】The main morphological characters affecting body weight were different under different culture patterns,and the emphasis should be placed on the important traits that influence the quality of the body and family breedingbased on genetic relationship,which will effectively improve the efficiency of the improved varieties.