朝阳市出国劳务人员结核病防治核心信息知晓率抽样调查

Survey on awareness of key messages about tuberculosis in Chaoyang city

目的了解朝阳市出国劳务人员结核病防治核心信息知晓率现状,为进一步加强结核病防治健康教育与健康促进工作提供科学依据。方法采用整体随机抽样方法,随机抽取朝阳市900名申请出国务工的人员作为调查对象,采用《全国结核病防治规划(2011-2015年)知晓率调查方案》的调查问卷进行问卷调查。调查内容包括调查对象一般情况、结核病防治核心信息、接受健康教育情况等。结果 5条结核病核心信息总知晓率为75.8%(3410/4500)。随着年龄增大,总知晓率有降低的趋势,20~岁年龄组最高(79.3%),60~岁年龄组最低(73.2%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);城市居民总知晓率为70.2%,农村居民为87.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);接受过宣传教育的居民总知晓率(80.4%)高于未接受过宣传教育的居民(68.4%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);5条核心信息中,第3条"怀疑自己得了肺结核,最好应到正规医疗机构就诊"知晓率最高,为97.0%;第2条"出现反复咳嗽、咳痰或痰中带血应该怀疑得了肺结核"的知晓率为89.0%;第1条"肺结核(肺痨)主要通过呼吸道传染"的知晓率为82.6%;第5条"肺结核大部分能治好"的知晓率为62.3%;第4条"我国对肺结核患者实施部分免费政策"的知晓率为48.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论朝阳市申请出国劳务人员的结核病防治知识知晓率未达到国家指导要求,有必要加强结核病健康教育工作。

Objective To evaluate the awareness level of key tuberculosis （TB） knowledge in Chaoyang city,in order to provide the scientific basis for health education and health promotion of TB control. Methods Using random sampling method,900 employees who applied for labor service abroad in Chaoyang city were selected as the survey objects. The 〈National tuberculosis prevention and control plan （2011-2015） awareness survey program〉 unified questionnaire was referenced to conduct questionnaire survey,which included the general situation of the respondents, the core information of TB control,the situation of health education and so on. Results A total of 900 respondents completed the survey. The general awareness rate of all 5 key TB messages was 75.8%. Compared with urban resi- dents （70.2%）,the awareness rate of rural residents was higher（87.0%）. The awareness rate of residents who had re- ceived health education （80.4%） was higher than the residents who had not （68.4%）. The fourth key message ＂part free policy for TB patients in China＂ and the fifth key message ＂most pulmonary TB patients will be cured with standard treatment＂ got a lower awareness rate among all 5 key messages （48.0%,62.3%）. Conclusion The awareness rate of knowledge about TB prevention and control has not reached the national guidance requirements,and it is should take measures to strengthen the health education of TB.