武钢职工骨质疏松流行病学调查及危险因素分析

Epidemiological Investigation and Risk Factors Analysis of Osteoporosis Among Workers in Wuhan Iron and Steel Company

目的对武钢职工中骨质疏松患者进行危险因素分析,为预防骨质疏松症提供理论依据。方法对2015-01/2017-01月在华润武钢总医院进行体检的2000名武钢职工进行横断面调查,应用双能X线骨密度仪检测调查对象腰椎及双髋关节的骨密度,对指标进行统计学分析。结果武钢职工骨质疏松症的总患病率为12.40%(248/2000);女性患病率(23.68%)显著高于男性患病率(7.07%)(P<0.01);20~39岁、40~59岁、≥60岁的患病率分别为2.55%、16.62%、30.29%,患病率随年龄增加而增加(P<0.01);多因素Logistic回归分析显示低钙饮食、缺乏运动、代谢综合征、长期烟酒史是发生骨质疏松的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论随着年龄增长,骨质疏松症发病率逐渐升高;积极开展骨质疏松危险因素的早期干预,降低骨质疏松症的患病率,预防骨质疏松性骨折的发生。

Objective To analyze the risk factors of osteoporosis among the workers in Wuhan Iron and Steel Com- pany,and provide the theoretical basis for the prevention of osteoporosis. Methods A cross-sectional study was conduc- ted on 2000 workers who underwent physical examination in author＇s hospital from January 2015 to January 2017. The bone mineral densities of lumbar vertebra and double hip joint were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and the indexes of them were statistically analyzed. Results The prevalence rate of osteoporosis of workers was 12. 40% （248/2000）. The prevalence rate of female was significantly higher than that of male （23. 68% vs. 7. 07% ,P〈0. 01）. The prevalence rate of the 20- to 39-year-olds, 40- to 59-year-olds and more than 60-year-olds were 2. 55 %, 16. 62%,30. 29 %, respectively. The prevalence rate increased with the increasing of the age. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed the risk factors of osteoporosis were low calcium diet, lack of exercises, metabolic syndrome and long history of alcohol and to- bacco. Conclusion The prevalence rate increases with the increasing of the age. Prevent and intervene the risk factors of osteoporotic in early days for reducing the prevalence of osteoporosis and the occurrence of osteoporotic fractures.