板壳理论在压力容器强度设计中的经典应用之四(上)——管壳式热交换器管板变通计算的原理与应用(上)

CLASSIC APPLICATION OF THEORY OF PLATES AND SHELLS IN STRENGTH DESIGN OF PRESSURE VESSELS(Ⅳ )--FLEXIBLE CALCULATION PRINCIPLE AND APPLICATION OF TUBE SHEET IN SHELL AND TUBE EXCHANGER(PART A)

通过分析固定管板、浮头管板和填函管板以及U形管板周边剪力和弯矩的状况,指出七种管板周边剪力和弯矩的差别与联系,同时阐明了"差别"对管板应力的影响。以此为基础,利用变通方法对五种特定管板进行了计算,证实了管板周边剪力和弯矩对管板应力的作用,由此决定了各种管板受力的优劣。结果显示,所述管板受力状况由好到差依次为:固定埋焊管板、浮头埋焊管板、浮头夹持管板、U形埋焊管板和U形夹持管板。此外,对于所述各种管板如何利用SW6软件中的固定埋焊管板模块进行便捷变通计算,给出了具体说明。

Through analyzing the shear force and bending moment of fixed tube sheet,floating tube sheet and U-tube tube sheet,this paper points out the differences and connection of shear force and bending moment of seven kinds of tube sheet.Meanwhile,it clarifies the effects of the differences on tube sheet stress.Based on these,five kinds of specific tube sheet are calculated by flexible method.And the effects of shear force and bending moment on tube sheet stress are confirmed,thereby determining the advantages and disadvantages of various tube sheet stress.The results show that the stress in the tube sheet from small to big is fixed tube sheet with shell,floating tube sheet with shell,floating tube sheet,U-tube tube sheet with shell and U-tube tube sheet.In addition,this paper also provides specific description of the easy and flexible calculation method for various tube sheets mentioned above by adopting the module of fixed tube sheet with shell in SW6.