异丁烷脱氢装置中掌形件耐火隔热衬里失效分析及改进措施

FAILURE ANALYSIS AND IMPROVEMENT OF CACTUS-SHAPED NOZZLE REFRACTORY AND INSULATING LINING IN ISOBUTANE DEHYDROGENATION PLANT

简要阐述了国外某公司异丁烷脱氢反应单元的工艺过程和掌形件在其中的作用及其操作环境,分析了造成掌形件耐火隔热衬里、封闭环区域隔热衬里失效的原因。文章对隔热衬里、钢衬套支撑、钢衬套膨胀缝的密封结构、封闭环结构等提出了一系列具有针对性的改进设计。实践证明隔热衬里采用了添加金属纤维的耐火浇注料与派罗块的组合结构,提高了浇注的衬里层韧性,避免了浇注的隔热层的尖角区域碎裂的风险,掌形件与反应器连接区域隔热衬里采用了派罗块,既满足了隔热要求又避免了装置停工期间的烘炉作业,相应地缩短了装置停工期。

This paper expounds the process of reaction unit and the function of cactus-shaped nozzle and its operating environment in isobutane dehydrogenation plant.It analyzes the causes for the failure of refractory and insulating lining of cactus-shaped nozzle and closure section.The paper proposes a series of targeted measures for improving refractory lining,steel liner,expansion joint closure and support of steel liner and closed loop structure.Practice has proved that a composite structure of Pyro-bloc and refractory castable with stainless steel fiber is applied to enhance the toughness of the refractory lining and avoid the cracking risk at the corners of the casted insulating layer.The Pro-bloc is also applied to the insulation lining at the closure section of the cactus-shaped nozzle and the reactor,which meets the requirements on insulation,avoids boiler dry-off operation during downtime of the plant and reduces the downtime of the plant accordingly.