医学生家庭功能与自尊在父母教养方式与生活满意度间的中介作用

Family APGAR and self-esteem as mediators between parenting styles and life satisfaction among medical undergraduates

目的探讨医学生的父母教养方式、生活满意度、家庭功能与自尊之间的关系,为促进大学生心理健康提供参考。方法随机选取广州2 473名大二至大五年级医学本科生为被试,采用简式父母教养方式问卷(short-Egna Minnen Betraffende Upfostran-Chinese,s-EMBU-c)、家庭关怀指数问卷(Family APGAR Index,APGAR)、Rosenberg自尊量表(Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale,SES)及生活满意度量表(Satisfaction With Life Scale,SWLS)进行测试。结果父母情感温暖与家庭功能、自尊、生活满意度均呈正相关(r=0.263~0.579,P值均<0.05),父母情感拒绝、父母过度保护与家庭功能、自尊、生活满意度均呈负相关(r=-0.342^-0.094,P值均<0.05)。父亲情感温暖、父亲过度保护、母亲情感温暖、母亲过度保护均可以影响大学生的生活满意度(β值分别为0.256,-0.083,0.273,-0.059,P值均<0.01)。多重中介作用分析表明,父亲教养方式和母亲教养方式都不能直接影响生活满意度(P值均>0.05);父母教养方式通过家庭功能和自尊分别间接预测大学生的生活满意度(中介效应分别为49.1%~58.5%,27.9%~35.3%),还通过家庭功能-自尊的中介作用对生活满意度产生间接效应(中介效应为15.6%~19.0%,P<0.05)。结论家庭功能和自尊在父母教养方式预测医学生生活满意度中起到多重中介作用。

Objective To explore the relationships among parenting styles, family APGAR, self-esteem, and life satisfaction in medical undergraduates, and to provide the reference for promoting students＇ mental health. Methods A total of 2 473 medical undergraduate randomly selected as subjects were surveyed with short-Egna Minnen Betraffende Upfostran-Chinese, Family APGAR Index, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale and Satisfaction with Life Scale. Results Pearson correlation analysis showed that parenting styles, family APGAR, self-esteem, and life satisfaction were significantly associated with each other（ r=0. 263-0. 579, P〈0. 05）. Fathers; emotional rejection, parental over-protection were negatively correlated with family APGAR, self-esteem and life satisfaction（r=-0. 094- -0. 342, P〈0. 05）. The regression test indicated that fathers＇ emotional warmth and overprotection and mothers＇ emotional warmth and overprotection significantly affected life satisfaction of students （13 = 0.261, -0.091, 0. 280, -0. 068, P〈0. 01）. Multiple mediation modeling deemed that parenting styles could not exert effect on students＂ life satisfaction di- rectly（ P〉O. 05）, but significantly contribute to life satisfaction indirectly by both separate mediate path （mediation effect 49. 1%- 58. 5%, 27. 9%-35. 3%） and chained mediate path （ mediation effect 15. 6%- 19. 0%） of family APGAR and self-esteem （ P〈 0.05）. Conclusion Family APGAR and self-esteem have exerted a mediating effect on the relationship between parenting styles and life satisfaction.