残疾人健康状况研究——以上海市金山区卫镇为例

Study on Health Status of People with Disabilities:Take Wei Town in Jinshan District of Shanghai as an Example

本文通过分析上海市金山区金山卫镇残疾人健康现状及慢性病发病风险,探索以残疾人健康状况为导向的个性化健康管理服务,从而实现精准服务。以金山卫镇1443名持证残疾人为研究对象,从上海市康复综合信息平台和上海市金山区卫生事务中心数据平台分别收集到了2011至2015年金山卫镇858名残疾人的健康体检记录和1301名残疾人的健康档案,并采用入户调查的方式收集了1392名残疾人的健康行为数据。运用一般描述性分析方法对健康体检资料进行分析,并运用Framingham风险评估工具分别评估金山卫镇残疾人患心血管病和高血压的风险。结果显示,残疾人健康体检异常项前5位分别为高血压(41.96%)、高血脂(40.68%)、肥胖(36.36%)、心电图异常(34.73%)和脂肪肝(28.44%),478名30~74岁的残疾人中有89人(18.62%)心血管疾病10年发病风险达到30%以上,435名20~69岁的残疾人中分别有1人、79人和186人1年、2年、4年高血压发病风险达15%以上。卫生部门应以不同健康状况的残疾人群的健康需求为导向,针对残疾人群健康状况特点,为残疾人群提供有针对性的健康管理服务。

By understanding and analyzing the health status of people with disabilities in Jinshanwei Town, Jinshan District, Shanghai, the study was aimed to explore personalized health management service oriented to the individual health needs of people with disabilities to offer accurate service. All of the 1443 people with disabilities in Jinshanwei Town were taken as subjects investigated. 478 physical examination records and 1301 health records of people with disabilities were respectively collected from Shanghai Rehabilitation Comprehensive Information Platform and Shanghai Jinshan District Health Service Center Data Platform.And the health behavior data of 1392 people with disabilities were collected through household surveys. Then, a general analysis method was used to analyze the health examination data, and the Framingham risk assessment tool was utilized to assess the risk of cardiovascular disease and hypertension.The results showed that.abnormal detections in the top 5 among people with disabilities were hypertension（41.96%）, high blood lipids（40.68%）, obesity（36.36%）, ECG abnormality（34.73%） and fatty liver（28.44%）; Among 478 people with disabilities aged 30-74, 89 individuals＇ cardiovascular morbidity risks within 10 years were more than 30%; Among 435 people with disabilities aged 20-69,186 individuals＇ hypertension morbidity riskswithin 4 years were more than 15%. Based on the different health needs of people with disabilities in Jinshan District of Shanghai, the health sector should provide targeted health management services for people with disabilities in view of their different health status.