随动转向半挂汽车列车机动性分析

Maneuverability Analysis of Self-Steering Semi-Trailer Truck

针对半挂汽车列车低速机动性差和半挂车第三轴轮胎磨损严重的问题,可将半挂车第三轴设计成随动桥。基于对随动桥基本结构和转向原理的分析,在Adams/Car软件中建立了普通半挂汽车列车和随动转向半挂汽车列车整车模型。对建立的两个整车模型进行360°转弯和转向盘角阶跃转向运动试验,仿真结果表明:随动桥可减小半挂汽车列车的偏移距和通过宽度,提高半挂车第三轴的轨迹跟随能力,可有效提高半挂汽车列车的转向机动性和减轻半挂车第三轴轮胎的磨损。

To address the problem of the worse maneuverability and tires wear of semi-trailer, a self-steering axle was designed for the trailer third axle. The basic structure and steering principle of the self-steering axle were introduced. On the basis of Adams/Car software, a common semi ＂trailer truck model and a self-steering semi-trailer truck model were constructed. The two built models were carried out 360-degree turning test and steering wheel step turning test. The results show that the off-tracking and swept width can be reduced if assembled a self-steering axle. Meanwhile, path-following performance of trailer third axle will be improved. Thus the vehicle maneuverability is enhanced and the tire wear of trailer third axle is reduced.