基于港口工况的电动牵引车动力传动系统选型与匹配设计

Selection and Matching of Power Train for Electric Tractor Based on Driving Cycle of the Terminal Tractor

根据港口牵引车设计要求,将传统内燃机牵引车设计成电动港口牵引车。针对驱动部件确定前牵引车部分运行参数的不确定性,使用区间算法完成了动力系统的选型。通过分析港口牵引车作业工况,搭建港口电动牵引车基于时间的运行工况,并使用高级汽车仿真软件ADVISOR搭建整车模型,模型仿真结果表明,所建工况下电动牵引车经济性优于内燃机牵引车。联合MATLAB遗传算法工具箱和ADVISOR非用户界面函数,以电动港口牵引车变速器速比为优化变量,牵引车满载和空载工况的能耗之和为经济性目标,牵引车设计的动力性能要求和变速器各挡关系为约束条件建立传动系优化模型。优化结果表明,在保证车辆使用要求的前提下,整车经济性进一步提高。

A tradhional internal combustion tractor was refitted into electric tractor on port according to designing requirements of terminal tractor. Interval mathematics was used to match the power train, in view of uncertainty of part operating parameters of electric terminal tractor before determination of power train. Port electric tractor driving cycle was built through analysis of working characters of terminal tractors. ADVISOR was used to develop model for electric terminal tractor, it proves electric tractor is more economic than internal combustion tractor in the driving cycle built in this paper. An optimizing model which was used to optimize gear ratios of electric tractor was built with genetic algorithm toolbox installed in MATLAB and functions in ADVISOR The objective function of the optimization was established with electric energe consumption in the loaded driving cycle and unloaded cycle, the constraint conditions were established with designed dynamic performances and ratio relations between gears. Result of the optimization demonstrates that economic performance of electric tractor was further improved on the premise of meeting the use requirements.