“波特假说”何以成立:来自中国的证据

Why the Porter Hypothesis Holds: Evidence from Chinese Firms

在“十一五”（2006~2010年）规划期间,中央政府对污染物总量首次实行了“有总量有控制”的政策,并将环保指标纳入对地方官员晋升考核的指标体系中。根据这一政策变动,文章基于中国工业企业数据和省级层面环境规制的合并数据检验了“波特假说”在中国的适用性及其条件。研究发现,只是在适宜的环境规制强度和规制得到有效实施的2006年之后“波特假说”才适用,并且也只对非国有企业和高污染密集行业中的企业适用。

During the 11 th Five -Year Plan period （2006 -2010）, the Chinese central government made a decision to control the total emission of pollutants, requiring sulfur dioxide （ SO2 ） and chemical oxygen demand （COD） emissions to be reduced by 10%. The central government began in 2006 to link the pollution monitoring indicator to the local government performance evalu- ation system. Considering the policy change, this paper examines the applicability of the Porter hypothesis as well as its condi- tions based on the data of Chinese manufacturing enterprises. Our study confirms it is only after the implementation of the environ- mental protection policy in 2006 that the Porter hypothesis began to hold, which means only well - designed and well - enforced environmental policies can significantly promote technological innovation only for non - state - owned enterprises and those in high - polluting industries.