碳酸锂的制备及其纯化过程的研究进展

Research Progress of Lithium Carbonate Preparation and Purification Process

近年来,随着锂离子电池的广泛应用及动力汽车产业的兴起,锂的需求量逐年增加.碳酸锂作为一种最重要的基础锂盐,在锂离子电池中广泛应用,主要用于合成锂离子电池正极材料.目前,高纯碳酸锂主要通过从矿石提锂浸出液或盐湖卤水中经过纯化工艺制备.纯化方法主要包括碳化法、苛化法、电解法、碳酸锂重结晶法及离子交换法等.但碳酸锂制备和纯化过程中存在诸多问题,如锂钠的深度分离、高纯碳酸锂的制备等.本工作对碳酸锂制备及纯化方法进行综述,指出了碳酸锂制备及纯化过程中存在的主要问题及未来的发展方向.

With the extensive application of lithium-ion batteries and the rise of electric vehicle industrial in recent years, the demand of lithium is increase year by year. Lithium carbonate as one of the most important basic lithium salt, widely used in lithium-ion batteries, mainly used to synthesize lithium-ion battery cathode material. Currently, the preparation of high purity lithium carbonate is mainly through extracting lithium from lithium ore and salt lake brine, and then through purification process. The purification methods mainly including carbonization, custicization, electrolysis, lithium carbonate recrystallization and ion exchange, etc. However, there are many problems in the preparation and purification of lithium carbonate, such as deep separate lithium and sodium, preparation of high purity lithium carbonate etc. This paper reviews the preparation and purification ways of lithium carbonate, the exisiting problems and prospects for preparation and purification lithium carbonate are proposed.