近70年中国变质岩石学-变质地质学的研究进展

Progress on Metamorphic Petrology and Metamorphic Geology of China in the Last nearly 70 Years

为总结我国变质地质学的历史经验,回顾了我国从变质岩石学到变质地质学近70年的发展历程.依据大量文献,分3个阶段和8个方面总结了变质岩石学和变质地质学取得的进展.我国在超高压变质地质学、早前寒武纪变质地质学、变质作用年代学、变质作用相平衡模拟等领域处于国际先进行列,蓝片岩、变质流体和变质岩化学动力学方面与世界研究基本处于同步水平,极低级变质作用研究等领域与国际先进水平尚有较大差距.通过历史的回顾,表明变质岩的研究已经从变质岩石学转变为变质地质学,已经从单一的岩石学研究转变为以变质岩为基础,变质矿物、地球化学、同位素地质、构造地质等多学科的综合研究.在变质岩和变质地质领域我国有一些区位优势,但是只有坚持自主创新才能把区位优势转变为学科优势.各种分析实验技术的发展促进了变质地质学的发展,随着新技术的不断涌现和大数据时代的来临,变质地质学会有更大的发展.

For summarizing the historical experiences of the study of metamorphic rocks in China,this paper presents a review on the advances from metamorphic petrology to metamorphic geology in the past nearly 70 years.These advances are discussed in three stages and eight aspects.On the basis of reviewing a huge number of literatures,we propose that our researches on ultrahigh pressure metamorphism,Precambrian metamorphic geology,metamorphic chronology,and metamorphic phase modeling are internationally advanced,and researches on blueschist,metamorphic fluids and metamorphic chemical kinetics are synchronized with the world,but the researches on very low-grade metamorphism and some other fields have not attracted enough attention,having large gaps with the international advanced level.It is concluded that the study on metamorphic rocks in China has changed from metamorphic petrology to metamorphic geology,that is,from mono-disciplinary petrology study to multi-disciplinary researches of metamorphic rocks,including metamorphic minerals,geochemistry,isotopic geology,tectonic geology and some other disciplines.Although we have some location advantages in the study of metamorphic rocks,independent innovative researches are still required to turn the location advantages into academic advantages.In addition,as the development of various analytical experimental techniques has accelerated scientific researches,metamorphic geology will advance greatly with the advent of new technologies and the application of big data technology.