纳米酶在疾病诊断中的应用

Application of Nanozymes in Disease Diagnosis

纳米酶是近年来中国科学家发现的一类自身蕴含酶学特性的纳米材料.作为一种新型人工模拟酶,纳米酶具有经济、稳定、易于大批量生产的优势.更重要的是,纳米酶是一个双功能或者多功能的分子,它不仅具有催化活性,还兼有纳米材料特有的物理和化学性质,如磁性、荧光、光热特性等.纳米酶的出现为酶催化反应在疾病诊断中的应用提供了新思路,新方法和新工具.本文将重点介绍近几年纳米酶在疾病诊断方面的应用,涵盖了癌症、代谢性疾病、传染性疾病、神经退行性疾病、心血管疾病和炎症性疾病等不同疾病类型,并对该领域未来的发展方向进行了讨论和展望.

Nanozyme is a type of nanornaterial that possesses intrinsic enzyme-like activity, first discovered by Chinese scientists recently. As a new type of artificial enzyme, nanozyme has the advantage of low cost, high stability, ease for mass production. More importantly, it has multi-functionality, including enzymatic activity as well as other specific nanoscale properties such as magnetics, optics, and phototherrny. The emergence of nanozymes provides us with new ideas, new methods and new tools for the application of enzymic catalytic reaction in disease diagnosis. This review focuses on the application of nanozymes in disease diagnosis in recent years, including cancers, metabolic diseases, infectious diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases and inflammatory diseases and so on, We also address the current challenges and possible directions to fulfill their prominent potential in future.