社会资本影响居民幸福感内在机制的实证研究

An Empirical Study on the Internal Mechanism of Social Capitals Affecting Residents' Happiness

为了探究社会资本影响居民幸福感的内在机制,本文采用2010年和2012年中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,对提出的理论假说进行检验,获得如下发现:(1)多层线性模型的估计结果表明,党员身份、亲戚聚会、朋友聚会、亲戚信任、同事信任和居委会投票等社会资本会显著提高居民幸福感。(2)均值处边际效应估计的结果表明,现代社会资本比传统社会资本更能显著提高居民幸福感。长期稳定的组织成员身份比暂时获得的组织成员身份更能显著提高居民幸福感。(3)从Sobel-Goodman中介效应检验的结果看,家庭经济地位和健康是社会资本影响居民幸福感的中介变量。本研究启示为,政府应该重视营造和维护社会网络,促进社会资本积累,进而提高居民幸福感。

To explore the internal mechanism of social capitals influencing residents＇ happiness,this paper uses the 2010 and 2012 Chinese General Social Survey（CGSS）data,tests the theoretical hypotheses and obtains the following findings.First,the results of the multi-level linear model show that social capitals,such as party membership,gatherings of relatives,gatherings？of friends,trust in relatives,trust in colleagues and neighborhood committee voting,significantly improve residents＇ happiness.Second,the marginal effect estimation at the mean shows that the modern social capitals can more significantly improve residents＇ happiness than the traditional social capitals.The long-term stable organizational membership can more significantly improve residents＇ happiness than the temporary organizational membership.Third,from the results of the Sobel-Goodman mediating effect test,we find that family economic status and health are the mediating variables through which the social capitals affect residents＇ happiness.These findings enlighten that the government should pay attention to creating and maintaining social networks,promoting accumulation of social capitals,and thus improving residents＇ happiness.