域外道歉法的发展及对我国医疗纠纷解决的启示

The Development of Extraterritorial Apologies Laws and Its Enlightenment to Medical Dispute Settlement in Our Country

目前,全美35个州和哥伦比亚特区确立了道歉法;在澳大利亚,6个州和2个领地已制定了道歉法。世界各国在制定道歉法过程中虽然仍面临诸多问题,但在医疗纠纷解决中的推进非常迅速。分析了道歉法在医疗纠纷解决中的三大特有作用,启示我国采取完全豁免的道歉法规定,诚恳面对医疗过失,并借由事故真相的公开,深挖制度性根源,以避免类似事件的再次发生,最终达到提升医院医疗安全质量的目的。

At present, 35 states and the District of Columbia have established apologies laws in America; in Australia, six states and two territories have enacted apologies law. Although various countries in the word still face many problems in the process of formulating apologies laws, its promotion in the settlement of medical disputes is very rapid. The paper point out three unique roles of apologies laws in medical dispute settlement, enlightening our country to take apology law of absolute immunity, sincerely face medical negligence and dig out the institutional roots by the disclosure of the truth of the accident, in order to avoid the recurrence of similar incidents, and finally achieve the purpose of improving the quality of hospital medical safety.