马铃薯种薯小型化生产技术研究

Research on Miniaturization Production Technology of Seed Potato

为将种薯的平均单薯重降至约60g,促进小型化种薯早日应用生产。以尤金的2级原种为试验材料,选用密度(94 906,97 324,120 120,141 844株·hm^(-2))和播期(4月30日,5月16日,5月31日,6月15日)进行二因素随机区组试验。结果表明:密度和播期可极显著影响马铃薯的平均单薯重和产量,二者交互作用不显著,随着密度的增大,平均单薯重逐渐降低,产量先上升后下降;随着播期的推迟,平均单薯重和产量都呈下降趋势。6月15日播种141 844株·hm^(-2)虽然平均单薯重最低,为50.00g,但产量也严重降低,为23 176kg·hm^(-2)。因此,综合平均单薯重和产量等因素,生产中可采用播期5月31日、密度9 7324kg·hm^(-2)或播期5月31日、密度120 120kg·hm^(-2)。

In order to reduce the average potato weight to about 60 g,and promote the miniaturized potato application in production,miniaturization production technology of seed potato was analyzed by two factors randomized block experiment,including the density(94 906,97 324,120 120,141 844 plants·hm^(-2))and sowing date(30 Apr.,16 May,31 May,15 Jun.).The results showed that the sowing date and density had an extremely significant impact on the average weight of single potato and yield of potato,both interaction was not significant,with the density increases,the average weight of single potato decreased,yield showed first increase,then decrease;with the sowing date postpones,the average weight of single potato and yield tended to decrease.Although the average weight of single potato of treatment that sown in 15 Jun.,density was 141 844 plants·hm^(-2) was the lowest,but its yield was also the lowest.Therefore,combined average weight of single potato and yield,it is suggested that treatment that sown in 31 May,density was 97 324 kg·hm^(-2) or sown in 31 May,density was 120 120 kg·hm^(-2) should be adopted in production.