黑龙江省西北部地区芸豆田杂草调查

Weed Survey of Kidney Bean Field in the Northwest Region of Heilongjiang Province

芸豆是黑龙江省的主要食用豆之一,杂草危害是影响其产量和品质的重要因素。为明确黑龙江省芸豆田杂草发生情况,采用倒置"W"9点取样法,调查了黑龙江省西北部地区芸豆田杂草种类和数量。结果表明:该地区芸豆田共有17科45种杂草,其中阔叶杂草14科36种占杂草种数的80.00%,禾本科杂草7种占15.56%,其它杂草(鸭跖草科、列当科各1种)2种占4.44%。一年生杂草有27种占杂草种数的60.00%,多年生杂草15种占33.33%,其它杂草(一年生或越年生杂草2种,灌木1种)3种占6.67%。在调查地点和样地出现频率50%以上的杂草有13种,依次为稗草、藜、反枝苋、本氏蓼、狗尾草、马齿苋、金狗尾草、苍耳、水棘针、苣荬菜、卷茎蓼、刺儿菜、野西瓜苗,这13种杂草是黑龙江省西北部地区芸豆田的优势杂草。

Kidney bean is one of the main edible beans in Heilongjiang province,weed damage is an important factor affecting the yield and quality of kidney bean.In order to make clear the occurrence situation of kidney bean weeds in Heilongjiang province,kidney bean field weed survey was conducted using an inverted W-pattern with 9 sampling points in the northwest region of Heilongjiang province.The result showed that there were 45 species of 17 families in kidney bean fields.Among 45 weed species,there were 36 species of 14 families broadleaved weed species accounted for 80.00%,7 the grass family for 15.56%,2 others for 4.44%.The annual weeds were 27 species for 60.00%,perennial weeds were 15 species for 33.33%,3 others weeds in 6.67%.Appear frequency of 13 weeds were over 50%,including Echinochloa crus-galli(L.)Beauv.,Chenopodium album Linn.,Amaranthus retroflexus Linn.,Polygonum bungeanum Turcz.,Setaria viridis(L.)Beauv.,Portulaca oleracea Linn.,Setaria glauca(L.)Beauv.,Xanthium strumarium L.,Amethystea caerulea Linn.,Sonchus brachyotus DC.,Polygonum convolvulus L.,Cirsium segetum Bunge,Hibiscus trionum L..These 13 kinds of weeds were the dominant weeds in the northwest of Heilongjiang province.