重庆大学城白颊噪鹛警戒行为模式及警戒距离

Patterns of Vigilance Behavior and Alert Distance of White-Browed Laughingthrush in Chongqing University Town

【目的】观察研究重庆大学城白颊噪鹛(Garrulax sannio)的警戒行为模式及它在不同生境中的警戒距离。【方法】从2014年7月至2015年3月,采用直接观察法调查白颊噪鹛的警戒行为模式,并记录它在灌木林、乔木林、灌木乔木混交林、人行道等4种不同生境中的警戒距离。【结果】白颊噪鹛的警戒行为包括听、扫视、鸣叫、观望、走开和惊飞。它在灌木林、乔木林、灌木乔木混交林和人行道的观望距离分别为(3.94±0.35),(10.77±0.53),(8.25±0.56),(5.69±0.35)m;走开距离分别为(3.32±0.32),(9.27±0.47),(6.88±0.66),(5.18±0.34)m;惊飞距离分别为(2.39±0.27),(9.53±0.56),(5.35±0.74),(3.13±0.31)m。【结论】在不考虑季节、种群大小、性别等因素的情况下,白颊噪鹛的警戒距离均值整体上表现为观望距离最长,走开距离次之,惊飞距离最短;白颊噪鹛的观望距离、走开距离和惊飞距离在不同生境中的差异均具有统计学意义(p<0.05)。

[Purposes]To investigate the pattern of vigilance behavior of white-browed laughingthrush（Garrulax sannio）and its adaptation to human disturbance in Chongqing University Town.[Methods]Patterns of vigilance behavior and alert disdances in the four types of habitat（in shrubs,arbors,shrubs-arbors mixing forest and pavement）were recorded by the methods of focal observation from July 2014 to March 2015.[Findings]The results showed that the pattern of vigilance behavior of white-browed laughingthrush contained the behavior of hearing（stop the previous behaviours and turn round the head to search the direction of risk sounds）,scanning,tweeting,staring,walking away and flying away.The staring distances in shrubs,arbors,shrubs-arbors mixing forest and pavement were（3.94±0.35）,（10.77±0.53）,（8.25±0.56）,（5.69±0.35）m,respectively.The distances of walking away were（3.32±0.32）,（9.27±0.47）,（6.88±0.66）,（5.18±0.34）m,respectively in the four types of habitat.The distances of flying away were（2.39±0.27）,（9.53±0.56）,（5.35±0.74）,（3.13±0.31）m,respectively in the four types of habitat.[Conclusions]Taking no account of the influencing factors of seasons,group size,sex and so on,the general rule of alert distance was：distance of staringdistance of walking awaydistance of flying away.The each of staring distance,walking away distance and flying away distance had significant differences in the four habitats（p〈0.05）.