4种樟属植物精油抗氧化活性的比较研究

A Comparative Study on Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oils from Four Cinnamomum Plants

【目的】比较香樟(Cinnamomum camphora)、天竺桂(Cinnamomum japonicum)、蜀桂(Cinnamomum szechuanense)和香桂(Cinnamomum subavenium)叶片精油的抗氧化能力。【方法】采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取4种植物叶的精油,比较分析4种精油的总抗氧化能力,对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基、羟基自由基清除的能力。【结果】4种精油都表现出一定的抗氧化活性,尤其是香桂精油在低质量浓度(小于0.4mg·mL^(-1))时的总抗氧化活性明显优于人工合成抗氧化剂丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)。香桂精油清除DPPH自由基的活性最高,半数效应浓度(EC50)小于1.0 mg·mL^(-1),而香樟精油、天竺桂精油和蜀桂精油的EC50分别为23.86,34.11,11.99mg·mL-1。4种精油对羟基自由基也都表现出了较好的清除活性。随着质量浓度升高,4种精油对羟基自由基的清除活性逐渐低于BHA。在质量浓度为1.0×10-5~2.0×10-5 mg·mL-1时,只有香桂的羟基自由基清除活性低于BHA并在p<0.05水平有统计学意义;【结论】4种樟属植物的叶片精油均具有一定的抗氧化能力,尤其是香桂精油具有较强的总抗氧化能力和DPPH自由基清除能力,具有开发为天然抗氧化物质的潜力。

[Purposes]To compare the antioxidant capacity,essential oils were extracted from Cinnamomum camphora,Cinnamomum japonicum,Cinnamomum szechuanense,and Cinnamomum Subavenium.[Methods]The essential oils were respectively extracted from C.camphora,C.japonicum,C.szechuanense,and C.Subavenium by the hydrodistillation method.Their total antioxidant capacities,hydroxyl free radical,and DPPH free radical scavenging activities were evaluated.[Findings]All essential oils have some antioxidant activities.Especially,the total antioxidant capacity of C.subavenium essential oil was significantly higher than that of the synthetic antioxidant BHA at the low concentration level（below 0.4 mg·mL（-1））.The DPPH free radical scavenging activity of C.subaveniumessential oil was highest among the four essential oils with an EC50 values less than1.0 mg·mL（-1）,while the EC50 values of C.camphora,C.japonicum and C.szechuanense were 23.86,34.11,and 11.99 mg·mL-1,respectively.All essential oils also exhibited hydroxyl free radical scavenging activities at the tested concentrations.Within the concentration range of 1.0×10（-5）-2.0×10（-5） mg·mL（-1）,the hydroxyl free radical scavenging activities of C.camphora,C.japonicum and C.szechuanense were dramatically higher than that of BHA（p〈 0.05）.However,the hydroxyl free radical scavenging activity of BHA was gradually increased with increasing concentrations when compared to four plant essential oils.[Conclusions]The essential oils from four Cinnamomum plants have some antioxidant activities.C.subavenium essential oil,in particular,has the best total antioxidant capacity as well as high DPPH free radical scavenging ability.These characteristics make it particularly attractive in natural antioxidant development.