鱼道紊流特性研究进展

Research Progress on Turbulence Characteristics of Fishway

鱼道内的紊流特性对于鱼类能否顺利上溯洄游至关重要。为了解鱼道内的紊流状态,综述了丹尼尔式、竖缝式、组合式、涵洞式等鱼道内紊流流速、紊动能、紊流强度、雷诺剪切应力以及漩涡等紊流特性的研究进展,分析不同鱼道内紊流的分布规律及特点,指出鱼道中的紊流强度、紊动能等均会对鱼类对栖息地的选择以及鱼类通行造成较大的影响。此外,目前国内对鱼道内漩涡紊流特性的研究较少,建议对其深入研究,以改善鱼道内水力条件,保证鱼道有效运行。

Turbulence characteristics in fishway are important for fish migration towards the upstream reach. In this article,we made a review on the research progresses of turbulence parameters including turbulence velocity,turbulent kinetic energy,turbulence intensity,Reynolds shear stress,and vortex in Danilian fishway,vertical slot fishway,composite fishway and culvert fishway. We also analyzed the rules and characteristics of turbulence distribution in different types of fishway,and pointed out that turbulence intensity and turbulent kinetic energy have great impact on habitat selection and fish passage. Finally we recommend conducting in-depth research on the turbulence characteristics of vortexes in fishway,which has received few research attentions,to improve the hydraulic condition in fishway and ensure an efficient operation.