基于结构光三维扫描技术的小尺寸轴同轴度精密测量方法研究

Research on precision measuring method of small shaft coaxiality based on structured light 3D scanning technology

针对传统测量方法存在的准确度不高、检测速度慢等问题,该文提出一种基于结构光三维扫描技术的小尺寸轴类零件的同轴度精密测量方法。采用视频图像信息的采集、视频图像处理和三维模型重构等技术实现轴类零件扫描重建,运用点云数据处理系统和同轴度误差计算系统获取同轴度误差。选取一小尺寸轴作为研究对象进行试验,系统重复性测量的标准偏差为0.7μm,以同轴度测量仪测量的径向跳动数据作为参考,截面最大差值为8.2μm,测量结果满足要求。该文可为小尺寸轴类零件的同轴度检测提供参考。

In terms of the problems of traditional method in precision measurement such as low precision and slow test speed, this paper puts forward a precision measuring method of small shaft coaxiality based on structured light 3D scanning technology. Firstly, the shaft parts are scanned and reconstructed through video image information acquisition, video image processing and 3D model reconstruction and the coaxiality error is obtained by using the point cloud data processing system and the coaxiality error computing system. Then, a small shaft is selected as the study object and it is found that the standard deviation of the system repeatability measurement is 0.7 滋 m. Taking the radial runout data measured by coaxiality measuring instrument as reference, the maximum difference of the cross section is 8.2 滋 m and the measurement results meet the requirements. Therefore, this method can be used for the coaxiality measurement of small shaft parts.