云南白莺山地区茶树遗传多样性研究

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Tea Plant in Baiyingshan Mountain of Yunnan

云南省云县白莺山地区是大理茶(Camellia taliensis)、阿萨姆茶(C.sinensis var.assamica)及中间过渡形态茶树广泛分布的区域。本研究利用30个SSR核心标记分析了130份白莺山地区茶树种质资源的遗传多样性,共检测到202个等位基因,平均每个位点的等位基因数(A)为6.73,期望杂合度(HE)为0.6135,近交系数(Fis)为-0.1745,多态信息含量(PIC)为0.5652,基因多样性(H)为0.6112。通过模拟不同样本数量,计算遗传多样性参数与样本量变化的回归曲线,发现样本量在40个时,能较好地反映白莺山茶树资源的遗传多样性。研究白莺山地区茶树的遗传多样性及取样策略,对茶树种质资源的保护与利用具有积极意义。

Tea germplasms including Camellia sinensis var. assamica, wild and semi-wild C. taliensis, and interspecific hybrid populations of the aforesaid species, are widely distributed in Baiyingshan Mountain of Yunnan Province. In this study, a core set of SSR markers were employed to assess the genetic diversity of tea germplasms derived from Baiyingshan Mountain. The results showed that a total of 202 alleles were detected, and the average number of allele（A） per SSR was 6.73, and 0.6135 for the average of expected heterozygosity（ HE）,-0.1745 for the mean of inbreed coefficient（Fis）. The polymorphic information content（PIC） and gene diversity（ H） were estimated to be 0.5652 and 0.6112 on average, respectively. The regression curves of genetic parameters influenced by population size showed that it could reach an optimized coverage of genetic diversity as the sample size was higher than 40. Investigation of the genetic diversity of tea germplasms in Baiyingshan Mountain was of vital importance for protection and utilization of these resources in the future.