“良知”与“经权”——王阳明的经权观及其启蒙意义

Conscience and Invariable Rules and Flexible Choice——Wang Yangming's View of Invariable Rules and Flexible Choiceand Tts Enlightenment Significance

王阳明对"良知"、"知行"等理论的阐发中,对"经"与"权"的问题多有涉及。他认为,作为现实的道德行为中应当遵循的规矩或准则,"经"的形而上的依据,只能从"良知"那里去寻求;通过"良知"对具体情境中的行为的正当性进行判断取舍的过程,就是"权"。经权统一的基本原理,是"知行合一";统一的现实路径,是"致良知"。王阳明的经权理论具有鲜明的启蒙色彩,对于主体价值的发现以及破除外在权威的束缚,都起到了积极的作用。

In the theory of conscience and the theory of knowing and doing, Wang Yangming had much elucidation of the question of invariable rules("经") and flexible choice("权"). He believes that the metaphysical basis of invariable rules("经"), the guidelines of realistic moral behavior, only can be sought from the conscience("良知"), and that the process of judgment and choice to the legitimacy of behavior in the specific context through the conscience("良知") is flexible choice("权"). The basic principle of uniting invariable rules("经")and flexible choice("权") was the theory of unity of knowing and doing("知行统一"),and the reality path of unification was extension of conscience(" 致良知"). The theory of invariable rules("经") and flexible choice("权")of Wang Yangminghasthe positive significance of enlightenment to finding the value of subjectivity and breaking the shackles of external authority.