多指标组学矩阵与精神分裂症客观标记物

Multiple omics matrix and schizophrenic biomarkers

目前的研究公认精神分裂症的病因及病理机制极为复杂，临床表现异质性以及对治疗反应的异质性也极大。《世界精神病学杂志》曾专刊论述过去20年中精神分裂症客观生物学指标的研究，得出的结论是＂过去20年中，要么是我们的研究方向错了，要么是方向没错，方法错了＂，亟需引进新的技术，从多个视角对精神分裂症进行研究。由此可见，精准探索精神分裂症的病因及特异性病理机制和治疗靶点仍旧是全世界研究者共同持续努力攻关的问题。相较于肿瘤疾病及心脏疾病研究所取得的研究成果以及临床转化应用的高速发展，精神医学研究需要考虑采用其他学科的思路、方法、技术来促进精神分裂症的研究。近两年来，许多学者分别从不同角度对精神分裂症进行了深入研究。本文对近两年来有关精神分裂症的生物标记物的组学矩阵（Omics Matrix）研究进展进行综述，分别从脑连接组学、基因组学、蛋白组学、微生物组学等角度，概括脑影像连接网络、基因网络、蛋白网络以及微生物网络在精神分裂症中的研究进展，以增加对这一领域知识的了解。

The etiology and pathological mechanism of schizophrenia are very complicated, and the heterogeneity of clinical manifestation and the heterogeneity of treatment reaction are also distinct. The journal of World Journal of psychiatry reported that in the past 20 years, about the schizophrenic biomarker study, either the direction of our research is wrong, or the direction is right, but the method is wrong. It is urgent to adopt new technologies to carry out study about the biomarkers of schizophrenia from multiple perspectives. It can be seen that the precise exploration of the etiology and specific pathological mechanism and therapeutic targets of schizophrenia is still a common research task of the world researchers. Compared with the research results achieved by tumor and heart disease study and the rapid development of clinical transformation, psychiatric research needs to consider other disciplines＇ ideas, methods and techniques to promote the research of schizophrenia. In the past 2 years, many scholars have studied schizophrenia from different perspectives. This paper reviewed the previous studies about omics matrix biomarkers study during the past two years. We briefly summarized the previous findings from the brain connectomics, genomics, proteomics, and microbial genomics perspective, respectively. We generally described the progress of brain imaging networks, gene networks, protein networks and micro biological networks in schizophrenia to increase our understanding of knowledge in this field.