软岩巷道围岩变形及支护优化的3DEC分析

Analysis on Deformation Surrounding Rock and Support Optimization of Roadway with Soft Rocks Based on 3DEC

松散软破类岩石是矿山开采过程中经常面对的一类不良工程地质体,为了保证矿山安全生产,针对该类岩巷的加固与支护尤为重要。云南某矿巷道开挖后变形严重,为了提出合理可行的支护优化方案,采用3DEC离散元数值分析软件对开挖后围岩位移与应力分布规律及巷道稳定性进行了模拟分析。研究结果表明,若开挖后不采取任何支护,巷道变形较大,处于失稳状态;进行锚网喷支护和衬砌支护后,围岩变形显著减小,顶底板和两帮位移相对收敛率基本小于2%,综合考虑支护成本,认为锚网喷支护手段更优。研究结果对该矿支护方式的选取有实际的指导作用。

Loose and soft rock is a kind of poor engineering geology that often exists in the mining process. In order tO ensure safe production in mines, it is extremely important to reinforce and support such roadway. In Yunnan, a roadway of a mine was seriously deformed after excavating. And to propose a reasonable and feasible support optimization scheme, the displacement, stress distribution laws of the surrounding rock and the stability of roadway after excavation were analyzed by 3DEC software. The results showed that if there were not any supports after excavation, the roadway deformation was relatively large, and the roadway was in an instable state. However, after taking bolt-mesh-spurting support and lining support, the deformation of sur- rounding rock was significantly reduced, as well as the relative convergence rates of displacement about roof-floor and two sides of roadway were all basically less than 2~/~. Therefore, comprehensively taking the support cost into consideration, it was con- sidered that the bolt-mesh-spurting supporting method was better. Consequently, the research results had a practical guidance for the selection of such support method.