循环游离DNA在胰腺癌中的临床应用进展

Clinical application progress of circulating free DNA in pancreatic cancer

循环游离DNA(circulating free DNA,cfDNA)是指游离于细胞外的核酸片段。肿瘤患者中相当一部分比例的cfDNA来源于肿瘤细胞,称之为循环肿瘤DNA(circulating tumor DNA,ctDNA),其中包含了来源于肿瘤的突变和基因变异信息。而新的、更加高效的检测技术的开发使得ctDNA发展成为新的标志物。本文就ctDNA在肿瘤早期诊断、预后、疗效评估及跟踪新的突变中的应用作一综述,重点概述其在胰腺癌中的临床应用。

Circulating free DNA（cfDNA）are short fragments of nucleic acids present in circulation outside of cells.In patients with cancer,some portion of cfDNA is derived from tumor cells,termed circulating tumor DNA（ctDNA）,and contains the same mutations and genetic changes as the cancer.The development of new and more effective methods to detect these changes has led to increased interest in developing ctDNA as a biomarker for cancer.Here we will review current literatures on the use of ctDNA,with an emphasis on pancreatic cancer,for cancer detection,prognosis,monitoring response to therapy and tracking the rise of new mutant subclones.