胸廓对椎体侧弯和轴向旋转影响的力学研究

A Mechanic Study on the Effect of Thoracic Cage on Thoracic Scoliosis and Axial Rotation

借助计算机辅助软件Solidworks,将胸廓在维持椎体稳定性方面的作用数字化.根据正常人体骨骼高仿模型参数和人体脊柱解剖学数据,构建了包括胸廓和不包括胸廓的两种三维有限元计算模型,利用Ansys workbench有限元分析软件,模拟脊柱在不同负载下发生侧弯和轴向旋转时的变形量,读取两种情况下各个椎间盘最大变形量.并将所得数据绘制成折线图,比较其区别,最后从力学层面分析胸廓结构在椎体侧弯和轴向旋转时的影响.结果表明:胸廓的存在,使脊柱单独侧弯受力时,椎间盘最大变形量减少了1.233%~6.28%;脊柱轴向旋转受力时,胸椎部分椎间盘最大变形量减少了21.44%~26.30%,腰椎及以下部分椎间盘最大变形量减少了29.759%~42.829%,因此,在脊柱矫形建模中,胸廓的作用不可忽视.

In this paper,the effects of the thoracic cage on maintaining the stability of the vertebral body were digitalized by a computer-aided software Solidworks. Two kinds of 3D finite element computational models（ including the thoracic cage and not） were built according to the high imitation model parameters of normal human skeleton and human spine anatomical data. The spine models＇ biggest deformation under different scoliosis loads and axial rotations loads were simulated by a finite element analysis software Ansys workbench,and the biggest deformation of every intervertebral discs in the two kinds of conditions were read. Then the data were turned into line charts,and differences were compared. Finally,the mechanic influences of thoracic cage when scoliosis and axial rotation occurs were analyzed. The results show that the existence of thoracic cage reduced the biggest deformation of intervertebral discs by 1. 233% ~ 6. 28% in the case of spine,and reduced the biggest deformation of thoracic intervertebral disc by 21. 44% ~ 26. 30% and the biggest deformation of the disc in lumbar spine and the parts below to 21. 44% ~ 26. 30% in the case of spine axial rotation. Therefore,the effect of thoracic cage cannot be ignored in the spinal orthopedic modeling.