基于最大熵模型预测西北太平洋公海鲐潜在栖息地分布

Analysis of potential habitat distribution of Scomber japonicus in northwest Pacific Ocean using maximum entropy model

根据2015年5—10月间西北太平洋公海鲐(Scomber japonicus)灯光围网渔船作业信息及海表面温度(sea surface temperature,SST)和海表面高度(sea surface height,SSH)2种海洋环境因子,利用最大熵模型(maximum entropy model,Max Ent)分析盛渔期(5—10月)西北太平洋公海鲐的潜在栖息地分布,同时与实际作业位置相比较,分析海洋环境因子与不同月份分布差异之间的相互关系。模型计算结果显示,西北太平洋公海鲐历史作业区域变动与鱼种潜在栖息地分布区域的变化基本一致;经度方向上6—9月变动较显著,主要集中在147.5°E^152.5°E,以西–东–西方式波动;纬度方向上主要集中在40°N^42°N附近。Jackknife检验表明,SST是影响西北太平洋公海鲐栖息地分布的首要因子。SSH极大值和极小值交汇也会影响鲐的中心渔场的分布。该研究表明,SST和SSH的变化是造成西北太平洋公海鲐潜在栖息地分布及其差异的主要原因。

According to the light-seiners vessels data and oceanographic environmental data [sea surface temperature （SST）, sea surface height （SSH）] in the northwest Pacific from May to October, 2015, we analyzed the potential habitat of Scomberjaponicus using maximum entropy model （MaxEnt）. Besides, compared with the actual operation location, we studied the relationship between the oceanographic environmental factors and monthly distribution difference. The results found a nearly same trend between the actu- al catch positions and change of the potential distribution areas. On the longitude direction, the changes were significant in June and September, mainly concentrating in 147.5°E-152.5°E and fluctuating in direction of west-east-west. On the latitude direction, the potential distribution area mainly concentrated in 40°N-42°N. The Jackknife test indicats that SST is the most important oceano- graphic environmental factor which influences the distribution of S.japonicus. The convergence of maximum and minimum values of SSH also affect its distribution. The changes of SST and SSH are the main causes of the potential habitat distribution and difference of S.japonicus in the northwest Pacific Ocean.