循证护理在扩张型心肌病患者中的应用效果

Application effects of evidence-based nursing in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy

目的探讨循证护理在扩张型心肌病(DCM)患者中的应用效果。方法选择2016年4月~2017年2月在哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院就诊的DCM患者84例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各42例。对照组采用常规护理模式,观察组在对照组基础上采用循证护理模式,比较护理后两组患者心功能改善情况、相关知识掌握程度和护理满意度。采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)及简明健康状况调查表(SF-36)对两组护理前后的焦虑抑郁状态及健康状况进行评价。结果护理后观察组总有效率(95.24%)高于对照组(78.57%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组护理知识掌握程度得分及满意度均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理后两组SDS与SAS评分均低于护理前,SF-36评分均高于护理前,观察组上述评分改善更为显著,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论循证护理模式可改善DCM患者的心功能和健康状况,减轻抑郁焦虑状态,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To explore the effects of evidence-based nursing in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy（DCM）.Methods From April 2016 to February 2017, 84 patients with DCM treated in the Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University were selected and divided into the control group and the observation group by random number table, with 42 cases in each group. The control group was given conventional nursing model and the observation group was given evidence-based nursing model. The improvement of the cardiac function, the degree of knowledge mastery and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups after nursing. The self-rating anxiety scale（SAS）, self-rating depression scale（SAS） and the medical outcomes study 36-item short form health survey（SF-36） were applied to assess the anxity, depression and health status in the two groups before and after nursing. Results After nursing, the total effective rate in the observation group（95.24%） was higher than that of control group（78.57%）, with statistically significant difference（P〈0.05）. The scores of knowledge mastery and nursing satisfaction were all higher than those of control group,with statistically significant differences（P〈0.05）. After nursing, the scores of SDS and SAS in the two groups were all lower than those of before nursing, the score of SF-36 was higher than that of before nursing, and the scores above in the observation group improved much more remarkably, with statistically significant differences（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The evidence-based nursing model can improve the cardiac function and health status, reduce the depression and anxiety status in patients with DCM. It is worthy of promotion and application.