大数据环境下的信息架构与数据模型

Information Architecture and Data Modeling in a Big Data Environment

数据环境的变化给传统的数据处理和分析方式带来了挑战,能够适应大数据环境的信息架构与数据模型是大数据时代的应有之义。本文首先针对大数据信息架构的特征和核心组件阐述了一个包含数据存储层、数据管理层和计算模型层的大数据处理架构模型;然后讨论了混合数据模型与大数据建模技术在大数据环境下的探索与应用;最后选取医疗健康领域,分析了大数据信息架构与数据模型在患者医保和财务数据分析、医疗质量管理和健康风险评估等场景中的应用。

The continuous changes of the data environment have brought enormous challenges to tradition- al methods of data processing and analysis. It is necessary for information processing architecture and data model to be adapted to the big data environment. This paper presents a big data processing framework with three levels, including data storage level, data management level and computing model level, based on the characteristics and core components of big data architecture. In the study, the researchers focused on the exploratory practice and application of mixed data models and data modeling technologies in a big data envi- ronment, and investigated the application of big data architecture and data model in medical insurance and fi- nancial data analysis, healthcare quality management and health risk assessment.