“强制阐释”的困局与“本体阐释”的启示——英国文化研究中的强制阐释分析

Difficulties of Imposed Interpretation and Inspiration of Ontological Interpretation——Analysis of “Imposed Interpretation” in British Cultural Studies

"强制阐释论"为准确研判当代西方文论提供了重要的思想资源,使学界再也不会因西方文论的不断涌入而感到无力或"失语"了。"强制阐释论"作为针对当代西方文论的整体诊断,显然也适用于当代西方文论的具体流派。从"强制阐释论"的角度审视作为当代西方文论重要流派的英国文化研究,会发现这一理论流派在发展过程中的确存在场外征用、主观权力预设、非逻辑证明与反序的认识路径等缺陷。英国文化研究自身所存在的"强制阐释"困局也充分说明,这一理论流派尽管对文学研究产生了深刻的影响,但毕竟与以文本为中心的"本体阐释"原则有着本质差异。在对英国文化研究的缺陷保持清醒认识的前提下,"本体阐释"也应该对其实践性、个案研究与民族志方法有适度借鉴。

"Imposed interpretation"raised by ZHANG Jiang is an important intellectual resource with which we can accurately diagnose modern western literary theories,so that Chinese scholars do not need to feel weak or"aphasic"facing the inrush of modern western literary theories. "Imposed interpretation"can be used to holistically diagnose modern western literary theories as well as diagnose the specific schools. Diagnosing British cultural studies from the perspective of"imposed interpretation",we can find that there are indeed some deficiencies such as the expropriation of extrinsic theories,the presupposition of subjective power,non-logical proof and reversing order cognition existing in the development of this important contemporary western literary theory school. The difficulties of"imposed interpretation"in British cultural studies show that this theory school is essentially different from"ontological interpretation"centering on text,although it has a great influence on literature studies. On the premise of soberly understanding the deficiencies of British cultural studies,"ontological interpretation"should moderately learn from it on practicality,case study and ethnographic approaches.