祖父母支持对城镇妇女二孩生育意愿的影响

The Influence of grandparents' support on urban women's second child fertility intentions

通过选取"是否与父母(公婆)共同居住"作为代理变量,考察了祖父母支持对已有一个孩子妇女的二孩生育意愿的影响。结果显示:祖父母在孙辈照料上的支持能够有效提升城镇妇女的二孩生育意愿,但这种促进作用会受到居住条件和赡养负担的影响,即只有在居住不存在困难时,祖父母支持才会提高妇女生育二孩的意愿,而且这种效用对有兄弟姐妹的夫妇更加明显。据此,只有减轻成年子女的赡养负担,解决儿童公共看护场所覆盖不足的问题,才能在当前"421"家庭结构趋于普遍的情况下,缓解低生育水平的延续。

By choosing whether to live with parents/parents-in-law as a proxy variable,this essay investigates the influence of grandparents' support on the fertility intentions for a second child of urban women who already has a child. The results show that the support of grandparents in child care is indeed an effective way to improve women's fertility intentions for a second-child. However,this kind of promotion is affected by living conditions and the burden of supporting the old. Only if there is no difficulty in living,the support of the grandparents will be more likely to increase women's fertility intentions for a second-child,and this effect is even more pronounced for couples with siblings. Thereby,only lightening the supporting burden of adult children and solve the problem of insufficient cover of public child care places,can relieve the vicious cycle of low birth in the present case that the " 421" family has become more common.