中国省域工资水平演变寻踪

Evolution of the wage level between Chinese provinces

运用标准差椭圆法、探索性空间数据分析和空间计量模型,分析了中国省域城镇单位就业人员平均工资的空间分异、关联演化及影响机制。结果显示:省域间工资水平的基尼系数和相对差异先增加后减少,呈现东部高于西部、中部塌陷的总体时空特征;南北方向的空间差异较大,标准差椭圆变化幅度较小,方向趋势先减弱再增强;工资水平呈现显著的空间正相关,同质集聚俱乐部现象明显,冷点区和热点区数量减少;工资水平与城镇化水平存在显著的空间依赖性,但低工资—低城镇化省域占多数且集聚分布;空间杜宾模型显示,工资水平存在溢出效应,人力资本、国内需求和政府影响对工资水平均存在正向的直接效应和溢出效应。

This essay studies on spatial differentiation,relation evolution and influencing mechanism of the average wage of employed persons in Chinese urban units from 1997 to 2015 by using Trend Surface Analysis, SDE, Spatial Econometric Model. The results show: The relative difference and Gini Coefficient of average wage level in China's 31 provinces is firstly increasing and then decreasing,showing a trend of the east higher than the west and the middle collapsing; The difference between the north and the south is bigger,and the standard deviation of the ellipses is smaller and the direction pattern is expanded and then contracted; The level of wages is significantly positively correlated in space,the phenomenon of homogeneous agglomeration club is obvious,and the number of cold spots and hotspots is reduced; There is a significant spatial dependence on the wage level and the level of urbanization,but the low wages-low urbanized provinces and cities account for the majority and agglomeration distribution; The spatial Durbin Model test shows that it presents positive direct and spillover effects of Human capital,domestic demand and government influence scale.