森林土壤酶活性对氮沉降的响应

Responses of Forest Soil Enzymes to Nitrogen Deposition

近年来，大气氮沉降目益增加，已对森林生态系统产生了不可忽视的影响，而土壤酶活性反映了土壤肥力及土壤环境质量，因而可以用来评价氮沉降对森林土壤造成的影响。关于氮沉降对森林生态系统酶活性的影响已开展了一系列的研究，然而尚缺少系统总结。文中从森林土壤酶种类和林分类型角度总结了氮沉降对土壤酶活性的影响，并从氮沉降水平、氮种类形态、氮沉降与环境的交互作用等方面探讨了土壤酶活性对氮沉降的响应机制，提出未来研究热点是氮沉降对不同类型的森林土壤酶影响、不同森林类型土壤酶的氮沉降临界值、氮沉降对土壤酶活性影响的长期定位研究以及氮沉降与CO，浓度、温度、降雨、磷添加的交互作用对土壤酶活性影响，以期为未来森林土壤管理提供参考。

In recent years, the increased atmospheric N deposition has imposed unignorable impacts on forest ecosystems, and the soil enzyme activity reflects the soil fertility and soil environment quality, which can be used to evaluate the effect of N deposition on forest soil. Although a series of studies have been conducted on the effect of N deposition on the soil enzyme activity, there has yet been any systematic review in this regard. The paper reviewed the effects of N deposition on soil enzyme activity from the perspectives of soil enzyme type and forest types, and discussed the response mechanism of N deposition level, nitrogen types, interactions between nitrogen deposition and environmental factors. It was proposed that future research should focus on the effects of N deposition on soil enzyme of different types, and the effects of the critical values for N deposition of soil enzymes of different forest types, long-term effect of N deposition on soil enzyme, interactions between N deposition and CO2 concentration, temperature, rainfall and phosphorus addition on soil enzyme.