石膏刨花板研究综述

A Review of Gypsum Particleboard Research

石膏板具有优异的抗火性能，在轻型木结构中主要用作楼板和墙板的抗火覆面板。通过在石膏基体中复合木材刨花等植物纤维制备石膏刨花板，可不改变板材原有的生产制备工艺而提高其力学性能。生产石膏刨花板的石膏原料主要来源于工业石膏，刨花主要为农业或工业副产品，兼顾变废为宝和材料成本可控等优势，因此具有广泛的应用前景。文中综述了石膏刨花板中不同缓凝剂的作用机理、不同植物纤维类型的增强效果、后处理方式和外加剂对板材性能改善的机理等板材制备工艺，以及石膏刨花板的物理力学性能和抗火性能等研究现状，指出目前土木工程用石膏刨花板存在的不足及需进一步研究的方向，可为石膏刨花板的进一步系统研究以及工程应用提供参考。

Gypsum board is mainly used as the fire-resistant panel in the floor and wall of light wood frame structure, owing to its excellent fire resistance. The gypsum particleboard, which is made by adding wood particles and other plant fibre in gypsum, would improve the mechanical properties without changing the original pressing technology of gypsum board. The gypsum particleboard, with the gypsum mainly derived from industrial gypsum and wood particle from agricultural or industrial residues, boasts the advantages of full use of waste materials and controlled material cost, and thus have the wide application. This paper reviewed the action mechanism of different retarders in gypsum partieleboard, the enhancement effect of different types of plant fiber, the post-treatment methods and the performance improvement mechanism of panels by adding agents. The research on physical and mechanical properties and fire resistance of the gypsum particleboard was also summarized. Finally, the shortages of gypsum board used in civil engineering as well as the future research focus was discussed. This study is expect to provide a reference for further study and engineering application.